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a' 


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'OX  ux  tax 


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pluB  grand  toin,  compta  tanu  da  la  condition  at 
da  la  nattat*  da  l'axamplaira  film*,  at  an 
eonformit*  avac  laa  conditiona  du  contrat  da 
filmaga. 

Laa  axamplalraa  originaux  dont  la  couvartura  an 
papiar  aat  ImprimOa  aont  fiimte  mn  commancant 
par  la  pramiar  plat  at  an  tarminant  soit  par  la 
darniira  paga  qui  comporta  una  amprainta 
d'impraaaion  ou  d'illuatration.  soit  par  la  tacond 
plat,  aalon  la  caa.  Toua  laa  autras  axamplairaa 
originaux  aont  film*a  an  commancant  par  la 
prami^ra  paga  qui  comporta  una  amprainta 
d'impraaaion  ou  d'illuatration  at  an  tarminant  par 
la  darniAra  page  qui  comporta  una  taila 
amprainta. 


Tha  laat  racordad  frama  on  aach  microficha 
shall  conuin  tha  symbol  — ^  (moaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  tha  symbol  V  (moaning  "END"). 
whichavar  appliaa. 

Mapa.  plataa.  charts,  ate.  may  ba  filmad  at 
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right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  aa 
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Un  daa  aymbolaa  suivanta  apparaitra  sur  la 
darni*ra  image  da  chaqua  microficha.  seion  le 
caa:  la  symbola  — ^  signifia  "A  SUIVRE".  la 
aymbolo  ▼  aignifia  "FIN". 

Laa  cartaa.  planchaa,  tableaux,  etc..  peuvant  atra 
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Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  *tra 
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et  da  haut  an  baa.  an  pranant  le  nombre 
d'imagea  n*caaaaira.  Lea  diagrammea  suivanta 
illuatrant  la  m«thoda. 


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(ANSI  and  ISO  TEST  CHART  No.  2) 


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V«liB»  ,  of  the  Ptpns  ot 


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191X 


A  CHAPTER  IN  THE  LITERATURE  OF  THE 
FUR  TRADE 


■ 


LAWRENCE  J.  BURpEE 


CHICAGO 
191 1 


il 


■kf- 


■■'  f 


A  CHAPTER  IN  THE  LITERATURE  OF  THE  FUR 

TRADE 

BY  LAWRENCE  J.  BURPEE 

The  literature  of  the  fur  trade  of  North  America 
offers  a  vast  field  to  the  bibliographer,  as  to  thTws 
norc;  'w 'r^'  ethr^ographer,  and  'student  of  et 
nomi«.    We  have  the  fur  trade  of  New  France-    of 
New  England;  of  Russian  America;  the  sea-otter  t'rade 

trade    TT  7''l  ^'^''    '''  ^^^^^  Ameril  fu 
trade;   the  trade  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  ComDanv   and 

o  the  North  West  and  X  Y  companies'^    6f  these' 'seven 
da^s  of  a  very  large  subject,  I  purpose  me™ 

So'^^  vT  °°  "^^  '"^  ^"°'  ^--  -  --  orVss 
bibliographical  point  of  view. 

The  Hudson's  Bay  Company,  probably  the  most 
remarkable  trading  corporation  in  the  worW's  hisZ 
was  chartered  by  Charles  U  on  May  .,  1670,  as  S 
Governor  and   Company  of  Adventure;s  of  England 

^h^l  ^?  .  f '  '"*^°^'^  '^^  Adventurers  with 
rifeLtf  V  ""  ''"'  '^''  ^'^^'«fat«'  -"d  bays, 
tW  '.^r  T"^''  ^°^  '°""^^'  ^  whatsoever  laH'tude 
they  sha^  be,  that  lie  within  the  entrance  of  the  streight! 

thXt'  ^^"f  .«"^- '^  «^-«hts,  together  1^ 
confines  of  the  seas,  streights,  bays,  lakes,  rivers,  creeks, 


<:??v 


/ 

w 


't?h 


172057 


46 


Bibliographical  Society  nf  An.,,;.. 


and  sounds  aforesaid,  which  are  not  now  actually  pos- 

oTef  cL^?'  °'  "^  "'^■^^^^'  «^  ^y  ^he  subjects  of  fny 
other  Chrstmn  prmce  or  State."  Possibly  even  Kin^ 
Charles  nnght  have  stood  aghast  could  he  wU"„* 

tn   f  r the  7  "  ^'"^^'  ^°  '  P"-^^  -^- 

^on   for  the  rivers  flowing  into  Hudson  Bay  drairthe 

whole  mtenor  of  the  continen.  west  to  the  R^kv  Mo^n 

^ins,  and  south  to  the  headwaters  of  R^River  fn 

Lrthen  aff  "  '  ^''  '''''  "°^  -ough.lne  ^d  e  " 
turers  when  after  a  century  of  deliberation  they  finally 

spread  their  operations  ..lana  from  Hudson  Bayf  refused 

to  confine  themselves  even  to  this  broad  wa^er S 

By  a  process  of  reasoning  common  to  all  great  m7nZr.s' 

hey  chmbed  over  the  Rocky  MountaL  arTaTexS 

the  Pacific  slope,  spread  north  to  the  Arctic  east  to  t^ 

Hudson  s  Bay  Company  is  therefore  that  of  a  continenUl 

agV  P  erre  E  n  Tl-  ^'''"'"'^"^  adventurers  of  any 
age  fierre  Esput  Radisson,  Canadian  fur  trader  and 
explorer  who  is  rightly  regarded  as  the  father  of  the 
Hudson's  Bay  Company.  Radisson's  Journals  in  the 
extraordinary  idiom  of  .  seventeenth-centu^  'fL  h 

ed^ t"thf  r '"^  'T"'  ^'"^  ^'^  imperfect  W." 
edge,  m  the  bnguage  of  seventeenth-century  Enriand 

They  embody  his  travels  and  adventures  from  r6s'  to 
1684.    They  have  been  the  center  of  a  little  whirlwind 


The  Literature  oj  the  Fur  Trad,  "Z 

of  historical  controversy,  mos.  if  not  all  of  which  may  be 
charged  agamst  his  unmenfionable  Kn^lish  ^ 

(.r  1  u^^  Radisson,  ;vith  ready  adaptability  trans 
^erred  his  service,  from  France  to  England  and  Z 
years  later  sailed  for  Hudson  Bay,  where.  S  his  brother 
m-kw  Medard  Chouart,  he  laid  the  foundati^  of  the 
huge  monopoly  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Comnanv  An 
mterest  ng  body  of  literature  has  grown  up  about  tt 

need  not  be  furthe*  referred  to  here 

I    !?  t  "H"^^'  ''""^'■"S'  ^^  the  comer  of  Lime  and 

Leadenhall  streets,  in  the  heart  of  London,  are  prT^rted 

he  documentary  records  of  nearly  two  and  a  haT^n 

oTctil  of'f  ''11  ^!  '''  '''''-^'^  «^^V  Com':  vH" 
coUection  of  fur-trade  literature  beside  which  all  the  avail- 
able prmted  matenal  pales  into  insignificance.  It  co^s^s 
of  minutes  and  letter-book<;  nf  f  h»  /  consii,ts 

everv  HpcrrJ,.-       •  .         ^"^  company,  memorials  of 

evety  descnp  ion,  journals  of  operations  at  trading  posts 

uZ:f'Zl  n^-^'"'"  ^"'  ''^"^°"-^  lsland,'n^i! 
thri  ^'^  ''^'^:\t'°"«  and  trading  ventures  throughout 

^eckles  WUlson,  and  Ag-  .s  Laut  have  gone  to^hTs 
mme  of  material  for  their  histories  of  the  company  hut 

sutject     The  buildmg  ,s  packed  with  oririnrl  docu 
the  interest  of  the     r:srt:^?rr,^^ 


I.' 


il 


copyist  at  work  for  some  time  past  making  transcrini. 
make  much  progress  in  thlsTay   anTn;   rT'   •° 

"^^:t^n?rre:-£r^^^^^^^^^^^ 

^i  printed  material  bearing  on  the  historv  «f  *u 
company  and  its  fur  fmrim™  •         "'story  of  the 

;je  t„„%ar,ia:e:::rcrs::^t"rr 
:"d:L?r  "aLrSn'st  r  ^°""" "-  ^-' 

evety  description  Sg  ™  .rH'  T  •'  """  °' 

government  in  ,878,  ""tluHn^^   "  f"  f"""" 
Mills  and  Cliarl«  I  rj.  !         '  "^"^  °'  David 

73-    uuier  documents  bearing  on  tlie  western  fur 


^  0. 


or 
a 

ts 
I 
It 
o 

is 

k 


year  begun  the  i,uhl,v=7'  ,  L  »n-hivBt  has  this 
largely  7^Z'Tj"Z.k  IiT'T  ""''''  "'"  " 
JoumaU  <,,  Alexander  XL  mX  and"" r  "^^ 
Antoine  Larocoue  hav,  ,1,    j    """raj  and  Frantois 

farm,  and  t<^Z^Z,lTl1:"  '"''"'^"'  '"  ">» 
Printer',  han^Tlnam        '  m""'"  '^  """  '"  '^= 

Pai^ge  it  tiS  rlrT  ■  "'"'■  ""  »  Nor.h»e,t 

original   charter   rJ-Z.   ^'         "'  ""  """'  »'  ">« 
•herefor.    Betog  kT  k?-   """"   '"   ^^l"   <«%"tly 

aniiom  to  waste  The  r  ™.    •        '  ""^  ""'  '"  '«»>■ 
even  if  succe"   ,   Zu  d  '^^k  Th  ""  '"'^'^'^  "'"•^'>- 

f«i-  A  gtoup  „i  d:t:i2\  'rsiarin'r  ,"■? 

however,  forced  th^m  Jnf^  ^"nusiasts  in  England, 
tions  were  Lnt  ou  unT  T.  '"'  '"^  ^"^'•^'  «^•■ 
search  for  a  pa2e  bt  J      Tr^''  ^"^P'^^  *« 

narratives  of  thrSpei^^J„Yfol^^^  ^^^ 

between  the  fur  tradrpro^"  ald^.     '°T''"«  ^'"^ 

concerned,  ,ri;r----t^~! 


;i 


so 


Bibliographical  Society  of  America 


fying  the  enthusiasts,  the  effect  was  to  direct  a  stream 
of  mvective  against  the  unfortunate  compalv  wS 
was  charged  by  such  peppery  gentlemen  TSr  D^bs 
and  Alexander  Dal^^mple  with  deliberately  suppresshL 

Countnes  Adjoining  Htuisan^s  Bay  is  one  of  the  iff 
knew  that  the  passage  must  be  there,  and  he  devoted  . 

Throughout  the  eighteenth  century,  and  even  earUer 
^e  co„,pany  sent  sevetal  expeditio,2^'inIa„d  ™  ,^^'^ 
the  country,  and  induce  the  tribes  of  ,he  inS  to 

TheV.:'o  "th  '"•™  '°  '^  '""^y^  ^'^  -  ™U 
ihe  tirst  of  these  was  that  of  Henry  KeUsev   in  r/ 

the^arratiye  of  which  is  included  in^^^^'st;' 
Keport  of  1749.     !„  ,y^  ^^.^^  J 

a  journey  rom  York  Factory  to  the  count^of  the 
Blackfeet,  m  the  foothills  of  the  Rocky  MlnW 
and  m  1772-73,  Matthew  Cocking  covered  almost  th.' 
same  ground.    Hendry's  Journal's  puSilhed  "n   the 


The  Literature  of  the  Fur  Trade 


ich 
>bs 

ig 

he 

bs 
a 

v, 
n 
n 

IS 


Transactions  of  the  Royal  Society  for  1908;    and  Cock 

tne  tur  trade     Even  ;nore  so,  from  this  and  other  points 
of  view  ,s  the  narrative  of  Samuel  Heame's  remarkaWe 
journey  from  Prince  of  Wales  Fort  to  the  moTh  of  tt 
Coppermine,   1769-72.    Heame's  Journey  is  a  dassTc 
comparable  to  Mackenzie's  Voyases  as  tL  L   TT' 

ralue  to  the  ethnologist.    His  spirited  style  is  also  in 
marked  contrast  to  the  dry  narrative  of  mL^T 

c-toTSstitTstr:''?^"- 

U  P  rotsT   ?h!%  ■"  U'^J  ""■"  "  "^  "^^P'""!  V 

-  .v^e,  .^^^rhLt:l:J~■-^r 

after  readingit  with  deep  interest'reume^ttherX; 
upon  the  express  stipulation  that  it  must  be  puS^ 

al^^ua"t,  'vSiufe'T;:^'"/"™'^  ■"^"■-  « 
in  DubUn   fa  ^7  A  "'"■°"  ^^  ^"^'^^'^ 

notes  bvT  B  T       n  \'*P™''  ™*  introduction  and 
^in^   •  ■'■  ?-7>'™"'  Ik'  =4>lorer  of  the  Barren  Unds 
wdlbe  ,«ued  m  rp.i  by  the  Champlam  Society  ' 

Two  years  after  hi.  return  from  the  Coppermfae 
Heame  was  sent  inland  to  build  a  trading  posHrTe 
Saskatchewan.    The  incentive  to  this  move  ^thCr 


2.\' 


52 


Bibliographical  Society  of  America 


of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company-the  first  radical  depar- 
ture from  their  century-long  policy  of  masterly  inactivity 

fTTlf  /T''u  "PP"'''^"''  "^  "  S^°"P  «f  ^"^  traders 
from  Montreal,  who,  not  content  with  the  opportunities 
afforded  at  Michilimackinac  and  Grand  Portage,  hid 
pushed  on  m  the  footsteps  of  La  V^rendrye  to  Lake 

^oTT  f/r'*^-"^'  -d  the  Saskatchewan, 
rl  Jn"  Saskatchewan  they  turned  north  to  the 
ChurchJi,  by  way  of  Frog  Portage,  and  succeeded 
n   nterceptmg  the  western  Indians  on  their  way  down 

the,^'  h'^.Z    '  '^'  ^''P'^'^  "^^^^''"  ^'  they  called 

fiUed 'th     U  .       >  'I  '"""^'  '^'^  "^  '^^^^  territory 
fiUed  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company  with  wrath,  but  the 

thing  was  an  accomplished  fact,  and  nothing  remained 

but  to  abandon  their  comfortable  monopoly  on  the  shores 

of  the  bay  and   fight   the  interlopers  on   the  inland 

waterways     From  this  time  dates  the  rival^^  of  the 

English  and  Canadian  fur  traders,  a  rivalry  steadily 

increasing  m  bitterness,  untU  it  finaUy  cuhninated  in  the 

Seven  Oaks  affair,  in  which  Governor  Semple  lost  his 

life  and  which  led  to  the  union  of  the  companies  in  x8.x 

These  Montreal  fur  traders,  who  had  faUen  heir  to 

nnV.  !r^"'';^'^'  ^""^  '""^^^  «f  N^^  France,  had 
umted   their  individual   interests   in   the  North   West 

Company,  m  1784.    This  corporation  did  not,  however 

represent  the  total  Canadian  strength.    Two  powerful' 

merchants,  John  Gregory  and  A.  N.  McLeod,  with  a 

couple  of  western  traders.  Peter  Pond  and  Peter  Pangman.    • 

organized  a  rival  company,  which  also  gained  the  suppor 


The  Literature  of  the  Fur  Trade 


1  bTthe  h  "'""'  r'  ''^  ^^"^^  ^^^^^^-  This 
tTe  f„rV^  ^^""'u^  "^  "  "^'^^y  «f  "^^1  interests  in 
unnrnfiVKt  '  T'"  ''''  ^"'"'^"^^  "^  ^^ich  it  would  be 
unprofitable  at  present  to  enter.  It  is  sufficient  fn 
mention  that  the  most  powerful  of  these  sn^at^r^^ 
matrons  was  that  known  as  the  X  Y  Company,  orgTSed 
m  Montreal  in  1795.  and  that  all  the  Canadfan  nLrests 
were  eventually  united  in  the  North  West  Company 
From  our  present  point  of  view,  the  most  interesting 

anTMacf  ^^"^  A^^^^^  ^-  traders  are  aI  "' 
ander  Mackenzie  and  his  cousin  Roderick  McKenzie 

by  the  double  exploit  of  descending  the  mighty  river  that 
bears  his  name,  to  the  Arctic,  and  making'the  firs  over- 
land journey  to  the  shores  of  the  Pacific.    Roderick 

etrorlt  :•  '""  r"  ^°  ^^^^=""^  -terial  fo  an 
elaborate  history  of  the  western  fur  trade.    This  was 

Xedtv  M '^  "'"  ^°™P'^^^^'  ^"^  ^^^  -terial 
gathe  ed  by  McKenzie  is  preserved  in  the  Archives  of 

McGiU  Umversity,  and  a  number  of  the  more  important 
journals,  written  by  such  veteran  fur  traders  as  Wn 
i^raser,  F.  A.  Larocque,  Charles  McKenzie,  Duncan 
Cameron  and  John  McDonald  of  Garth,  have  b  en 
published  in  L.  R  Masson's  Bourgeois  de  a  CompaZ 
du  Nord-ouest-an  invaluable  repository  of  matS 
bearing  on  every  phase  of  the  western  fur  trade 

Alexander  Mackenzie's  Voyages  from  Montrealthroufrk 
i^Cont^nent  of  North  America  was  published  in  London 
in  1801;  and  a  French  translation  appeared  in  1802,  in 


1.1 

i 


I 


54 


Bibliographical  Society  of  America 


"■ 


three  volumes.  The  story  of  this  French  version  is 
worth  telhng  It  appears  that  Napoleon  I,  seaXg 
for  ways  and  means  of  reaching  some  vital  portion  of 
his  irrepressible  enemy  across  the  channel,  hit  upon  the 
ingenious  idea  of  making  a  flank  movement  upon  Canada 
Nelson  backing  the  way  to  a  front  attack'  Na;:  eon 
had  heard  of  the  discovery  of  the  mouth  of  the  Mac 

theT'  T   /'f  ''"'  ^'''  "^^^  «°"^^  °"'  «f  a  lake  ^ 
the  heart  of  the  continent,  and  he  conceived  the  plan 
of  sending  a  fleet  to  the  Arctic  by  way  of  Bering  Sea 
ascending  the  Mackenzie,  and  capturing  Canada^fL:; 
the  rear     In  order  to  make  himself  familiar  with  the 
geography  of  .he  country  to  be  traversed,  he  sent  a 
trusty  messenger  to  London,  smuggled  over  a  copy  of 
Mackenzie's  Voyages,  and  had  it  translated  at  ligh^Lg 
speed.    Other  more  vital  matters  unfortunate^  iL^r 
fared  wi  h  the  briUiant  project,  but  his  countr^en 
were  at  least  benefited  by  an  exceUent  version  TZ 
Voyages.    The  inddent,  if  true,  throws  an  interestLg 
light  upon   the  character  of  the  emperor.     He  waf 

Although  no  one  has  yet  written  the  history  of  the 
North  West  Company,  it  certainly  is  not  from  lack  of 
rnatenal,  which  is  abundant  both  in  print  and  in  manu 
script.  The  latter  ,s  found  chiefly  in  the  Dominion 
Archives  and  in  the  McGill  University  Library  The 
former  covers  the  whole  period  of  the  British  fur  trade 
from  Montreal.  The  earliest  narrative  is  that  of  Alex 
ander  Henry  the  Elder,  whose  Travels  and  Adve^res 


t  Sr'v^f  *  ff -"  ^-W  wa.  firs,  published 

-ucU„„.]^t;;XLX.Tatl1ainTr 
An  mteresting  Memorandum  of  HeCr„„  a  „"  ^], 
-erhnd  route  .„  the  Pacific  is  plTZlZl  IZZt 

of  c7Jil  at  Q^b^"^""'  '"^  "'"■"""^  »"«'<-' 

;53rr.".r^-:st:^ne 
?^r.::rrc:i;hJ:-r;::rr 

^oftSf-o-Ltr/sri 
i^Xptriri-rrhwesS 

ay  L.ompany,  and  is  remembered  as  the  discoverer 
of  the  upper  waters  of  the  Columbia.  He  kent  Tn 
e^borate  series  of  Journals,  from  X784  to  x 85^-00!" 
the  amazmg  period  of  66  vear«     Ti,^      •  .^"~^°^^""g 


m 


.^SeTt'LS^  ,"  1"  P"*"'™  »«  only 

^^ut  in.«.„c:d%r ^c„„'r  or?Hrr  .^rr 

Pl«c,y  enveloM  in  a  It^  New  EnlS^r''  T" 
ism.    One  ha<!  nni,,  f^  England  Puntan- 

with  the  u„4™tw  uTilT,  "■'%'°"*"--f  journal 

•he  gui,  that  Zs  tt.:L^  ftir^f r  '"«^ 

Oh,  that  one  ™ght  get  tirTeve™,' ^tni  ?H:J'r  ' 
a  corner,  and  eivf  Jiim  „     •         ^'^"^  i^aniel  Haskel  in 

i-ed!    fiLt  unfo'tunTJ  T'  ?  '"'''  '"'"^'  ""^owdler- 

the  middle  ofteaT/tntul'T^'  ^  "^^  ^^^"' 
published  at  Burling  on  in  xL  T°"  '  "^^""'"^  ^^« 
York,  1903.  ^        "  '^'°'  ^"^  ••eP'-inted  in  New 

Of  thr^Tst^r  t  de"  trr  ^.  -r^.  ^^ese  records 
patience  of  bibliograS^el  aL  ^/r  "•'""''  ''''''  ^°  ^^« 
overpassed.  Lest'Z  S,  eha^^^^^^^^^  V'^'  ^'^^^'^ 
comment,  and  not  enJ^  k  Ir  ^' ^^'" '°«  "^"<^h 

rambling  paper  le  Teol^  bibhography,  in  this  very 
of  a  couple  of  ;amDTL  ^°"  ""  '"""'"^^^'^  '^^  titles 
treasures  in  the  t!  ^T'""'^  ^"'""^  M^-  Locke's 
reads  -rS^otNlrrar  ^"""'^  ^^'"^-  ^^^  ^-t 
Proceedings  of  thC^Z-r  '  J^^^'S^^--"  of  the 
turers,  to  proLcute  ^^^        "''^''^''^  ^>'  ^^^  ^^ven- 

the  Trade   and  S^fXTi    '^         ^"^  ^^"  ^^^^  Extend 

Bay.    wS.  an  Apollt^h"^^         '^^°"'  ^"^-'^'^ 
Apology  for  their  postponing  at  present  - 


Narrative;  And  S '"^  ^''''T  ''^''''^  '«  '"  ^he 
the  Lords  and  Comlnr  ^''^''^  ''  ^  ^^^'^^^^^  to 
as  the  FoundaSon Tr  ;  Ty  '''"'''"^'"^  ''''  ^^'^^^on, 
the  Facts  they  Cp^paJ^o^^^^^  ="^"-y'  and 
the  Publick.  L  theWuture  .T'''  """^'^'^  ^^^^^r^ 
i«-  "A  Short  Sta  e  oJ  ["^"^«  consideration."    The  other 

America.  Claimed  by  th^  H  d"  "''I''''  ""'  ^"^^^ 
under  pretence  of  a  Charge  f fr  e""  ^"'  f  ^™P^">'' 
Bounds  or  Limits,  and  aVlfuI  v'e  °t  ."'^  "^''^°"' 
unbounded  Seas  and  CounLT  Sh!  •  f  '°  '^°^ 
of  the  said  Grant,  and  the  base  th.  T  '^'  •"'^""'>^ 
and  the  great  bene".  Rw.  ^  ''^''^  '"^'^^  of  it; 

those  CouUs'TnVe't  ntg^lh^  ^  '^  -"^ 
Natives  by  civilian,  „H  •  ™^'  amongst  the 

industrious  Subjects  oJcrmi^rid'^,''*-  "" 
tliere  is  of  a  Parliamentarv  p„  ■  '■  ^  ""  »««sity 
Rights  and  e,du"ve  S^o^rT  ■'°'°  ""^  P"'™*d 
Con,pany,  and  Z^ZT^^^^cZ  "^bt.f ' 
Countries  may  be  settlpH    «.-fk      !     J  ^^^^  ^^ose 

-detprope/Re^air'a^Xtlttt^  ^  ^T"^ 
open  tlie  Trade  to  all  the  B^Jhu  T  '  "  ""^  ''>*'S 
ften.,  at  the  Publick  e^f„^"f^"'^.  ^"^  settling 

upon  that  Trade  "    Th,i?  .^  *  moderate  Tax 

published  at  Lotdon  ta    fw     Ma    "' ""u'  '''™^  "'« 
grow  less!  ^^'    ^'•J' ">«"  shadows  never 

A  brief  working  bibliography  is  appended  to  this  paper. 


58 


Bibliographical  SocUty,  of  A  merica 


A  Working  Bibliography  of  the  Western  Canadian  Fur  Trade 
HUDSON'S  BAY  COMPANY,    1670-1821 

tJited  b>  A.  D.  Scull.    Boston  ,Mc  *'  '°  '*** 

Relation  du  voiage  du  situr  Pierrr  K.i       u-j- 
js^nn^ee,  .68.  et  .683  (with  tran^'a^^o^^  cSrA^Xel  ^'c^^Ti"/ 

Hud»:rC."T'"'?'a~rs  pSJ\°  ,.    .•  '"e  countries  adjoining 
Report  from  Committee.  wWpSf  'LonH^n^""™"*''     't""''""    '"4 
Lond^oS:^^-     "•^-""^  °'  «=■*  Ba^-tt-^-EdYylohn  Barrow 
X733-7-d'./:r;';"  Unr;.?!,''^  ^"-'  '^-<'-«  i„  Hudson.  Bay. 

ludp's-ireth^r:  .^Tf:,^°;/^'„^ln^^  '''«-««=  "y 

U)ndon,  1748.  '*    *''  '"  '"*  ^^'P    California,"  Captain  Smith 

Bay."""""'';    tlZllnt  "s^^XMid'-'tto^'^Tr  ^^^°"""«  «""-'» 
upon  Middleton's  Defenc^  Mi^letoS's  A  '  w  °    '  ^frT^i'  P^^^^'^  ^'"^'^^ 

JiMiuiz.    Relation  du  d^t^.»  2.  j    i^['  *"''  I^obbs's  Reply. 
Recu^il  de  Voia^oauVrd.  ^tste^^'m'  '%^''  '•'«'«^"-    ^"Bernard's 

,      Kr^ir..'dK"^'''-^^tS^-^^^  ^"«^-. '^OS- 

Paris,  1772.  *  roTHEjUE.    Histoire  de  rAm«rique  septentrionale. 

Mr^lI^mvJS^fc'tl^""'^"";^?^^^^     Toronto.  ,878. 
Toro^ir^l^------^-^^^^^^^^^ 

LondoS'fpi.?""""^-    '''^""""""«  H^tory  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company 

RKKO.  C.  B.-'-  Th^1ft'°^.^a!  SXn'^^ChSr^'^r  • 
NORTH  WEST  COMPANY,   1784-1821 
Quebec    's^^.^-    ^  vofs''"'^""'   '^'   '"    •^°'"P''8°'<=   ^u    Nord-Ouesl.  . 
don.?8fj"  ""''  '''°«''=^^  °'  ">•=  ^^""h  West  Company  of  Canada.  .  .  Lo„ 


I* 


The  Literature  of  the  Fur  Trade 


.,«''"'■""•■'=""■»     >>»'"•  S,.„„,  Had™'.  B.y u,,j„; 

Tykwili.    T    r     n-:  t  VT         pui'ington,  1820. 
Toronto^TsM.  ^^     '    ^"''  ^'''^"^'^  «'  'he  Journeys  of  David  Thompson 

Repo^°%"^"-    **-°-'  »'  ^«'er  Pond.  .,85      In  Canadian  Archiv-s 

^^^Memorials  of  tl,e  North  West  Company.    In  Canadian  .  .hives  Report. 

,^a^^°"^VonAeTu:t  on  North  West  Trade     I,,  r.     ^-       .    ,. 

1888.  ""'  ^raae.    in  Canadian  Archives  Report 

1896.  ^"^^  Canadien  ....  jusqu'4  I'ar.nie  182!    Montreal 

^^T.CHt,  Mgr.  A.    EsquissesueleNord-Ouestdel'AmWque.    Montrea/ 

LondoHl?'  °'  °*^^"^"'^'"  '"  '''«  ^"•li-  Co  ntries  of  North  America. 

London",^6.    ^""""'"'  Respecting  the  Settlement  upon  the  Red  River. 

pany.  '^ndS/iS-g:  *'''P*'^""8  ">«  Aggressions  of  the  North-west  Com- 

^^^S..^.    Sketch  of  the  British  Fur  Trade  in  North  ..men-ca.    London 

Corner  ?Lr  ^  ^^''  -  Q^ehe^oSe  ^rte".  'ol^he  N.rth  West 


&o^».  »-Ju?"!^T-_.V  .;.•    I-ndon. 


Cana'di^'K°r"^  Mo^ntreariS"*'*'  °'  "''  "'^'""^  «"'!  ^radiiions  of  the 


l-.il 


6o 


Bibliographical  Society  of  America 


HIDSON'S  BAY  COMPANY,    1821-1850 
Lond«n'**i8  '"""  ""^  ^'*"  ^""""'"^  °"  '*>«  Hudson'.  Bay  Company 

Bay  S£jT.md.  !^X' "'''''"'' ""■'■^•''"' ''■"'"  "'  '"'  """-"•" 
IJALLANTYNE,  K.  .>t.     Hudson's  Bay.     I^mdon,  1848. 

of  Vmerii?'"'''  ''T'^""  u^f\^'t'  "' "  ^■">'"-''"  '"  "«=  N"'th-WMI  Coast 
ol  Amenta    .  .  Trans,  by  J.  V.  HuntinKton.     Redlidd,  1854. 

Cox.  Ross,     .\dvcnturts  on  the  Columbia  River London,  i8u 

Ross,  Alexande..     Fur  Traders  of  the  Far  West.    London,  185,      ^ 

McLeod.  Mauoim.     Peace  River Ottawa.  187J.  ^ 

HEG(i,  A.     History  of  British  Columbia    Toronto,  1804. 
M^".?.."!      •■  "v,"''""'y,  "[  """■"'''  C  liimbia.    San  Francis<o,  .890. 
■loronto   1004  "'''  Northern  Interior  of  British  Columbia. 

Win^ll^^'sSs  '*'""'"'     '"'~''"*'  *"'*  '^■^P'oration  01  the  Youcon 

Blim:.  OEoti.E.     Ma.ljen/.ie,  Selkirk.  Simpson.     Toronto,  looT,. 

Coats  am:  '  (isneli..     Sir  James  Douglas.     Toronto,  iqo8. 
loops   ,5^'^'  Uk tionnairc  historiqur  des  Canadiens  de  I'Oucst.     Kam- 

igoft'^'''''**'  ^'     "'*'°'"  '''■  '""''"  l-'inadien  de  i8j,  i  ,869.     Montreal. 
RvRGRAVE,  J.  J.     Red  River.     Montreal.  1871. 

1835      1880*'"'   ^^^^''-    "'''°'y  °f  Manitolw  from  tht  Karlicst  Times  to 
Martin.     Hudson's  Bay  Territories  and  Vancouver  Island      1840 
Fitzgerald.    Charter  and  Proceedings  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company. 

London'"?&r'  ^"*  ^^°'"'^-     ^'''"a''ve  of  a  Joumel  round  the  World 

'mJfic^^'  ^''^^^  Wan.ierinKs  of  an  Artist  among  the  Indians  of  North 
..merita London.  1859. 

OttaS^glo.'  "^^  "■    -J"'"""'  "'  ^''"  '^'"''""   '^■*""'»^-    '•'''•  ''>■  L'  J'  ""'P*^^'- 

MANUSCRIPT  SOURCES 
n.J^i^''  principal  depository  of  original  documents  bearing  on  the  Hudson's 
f  lf,K  '?"'^'  ''"•'  'V'  ^'^»'*'".^  operations  in  North  America  for  nearl>  tSd 
a  ha  f  centuries,  is  he  Archives  of  Hudson's  Bay  House.  London.  \?anu 
script  journals  and  etters  are  also  preserved  at  the  principal  p,«ts  of  the 
Company,  such  as  Norway  House.  York  Factory,  Fort  ChipTwyaTand  For? 
Simpson  Many  important  documents  are  also  included  in^theHH  Ban- 
croft collection,  m  the  University  of  California 

and  th^'x''v"J?'m!i''  ^'"""^  ""  "1^ history  of  the  North  West  Company 
fn  ,h    I  I  ^"^P"."^  "  P'''-'*""'  'n  the  Canadian  Archives,  at  Ottawa- 

Mont  c^       in''  ."h/rJ"""'"/-  H"^^"•    '"  ""=  ■^''^^'■'''  "'  ^'^<'"'  UniverX 
Alontrea,       n  the  Crown  Lands  department.  Toronto;    in  the  UgislaUve 

w!"",?'  ^'."".'.Pf'-V.i^f^'^^'i^y  °'  the  Manitoba  Historical  and  Sde'tifi^ 


bociety;    and  the  Legislative  Library,  Victoria 
cover  matenal  on  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company. 


Most  of  these  sources  also 


II 


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'  .V 


